确诊106例！引发南京疫情的“德尔塔毒株”，传播力到底有多厉害？（附视频&解说稿）
英语演讲视频，第一时间观看
今天（7月27日）上午10时30分，南京市举行第七场新冠肺炎疫情防控新闻发布会，通报疫情防控最新情况。据通报，2021年7月26日0到24时，南京市新增本土新冠肺炎确诊病例31例，其中7例无症状感染者转为确诊病例，新增报告病例数仍然主要集中在重点管控区域，相关密切接触者和次密均已按照有关规定进行甄别管理。
截至7月26日24时，南京全市累计报告本土确诊病例106例，其中66例为轻型38例为普通型2例为重型，本土无症状感染者6例，在这112例感染者中，江宁99例，溧水6例，高淳区2例，玄武、秦淮、建邺、鼓楼、栖霞区各1例。据通报，引起这次疫情的病毒毒株是德尔塔毒株。
从全球来看，英国、以色列等国家疫苗接种率已经非常高，接近了群体免疫，但是两国疫情也不断恶化，这让各国都担心不已。7月12日世卫组织总干事谭德塞发出警告，变异病毒德尔塔已经在全球104个国家和地区蔓延，即将席卷全球。
最早在印度发现并开始蔓延的德尔塔毒株的传播力究竟有多强？今天英文演讲君通过华尔街日报的一个英文短视频来给大家科普一下。
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- [Narrator] A COVID-19 variant first detected in India in October of 2020 has quickly spread around the world and been detected in nearly 100 countries within 10 months.
As of July, more than 80% of known COVID cases in the US are caused by the Delta variant.
- The Delta variant is currently the greatest threat in the US to our attempt to eliminate COVID-19.
- The Delta variant is both more transmissible and possibly more severe.
- [Narrator] Studies have shown that some COVID vaccines are effective at preventing symptomatic illnesses caused by the strain.
Nevertheless, as of July, cases are on the rise in countries where a large part of the population is vaccinated.
Even countries that have been previously spared from the pandemic are now battling a ferocious wave of infections.
We look at some moment in key countries to understand why the deadly outbreak of Delta is not just threatening the economic recovery but also the return to normal around the world.
First, we go back to October of 2020.
Health authorities say the Delta variant was first detected here in the state of Maharashtra in India.
By the spring, the number of cases in India began ticking up.
Then from March to May, infections jumped 20-fold, plunging the country in disarray.
- [Betsy] It ripped through the country.
Thousands and thousands of new infections every day.
Hospitals were completely overwhelmed and they were running out of oxygen for patients who needed help breathing.
- [Narrator] Public health experts blamed India's deadly wave on several factors.
There were political rallies for state elections that drew large crowds.
There was also a religious festival in April when millions of Hindus gathered to bathe in the Ganges River.
And then a few days later, the government relaxed safety measures like mask wearing and social distancing.
But scientists say what really helped accelerate the case load was Delta variant's molecular composition and its nine key mutations in the protein spikes that surround the virus.
Mutations on these spikes allow the varies to invade human cells more easily, making the Delta variant about 50% more transmissible than others.
By June 1st, the variant wasn't only in India but detected in more than 60 countries.
And the United Kingdom was one of the first Western countries to see an alarming increase in cases as Delta became the dominant strain.
- We're seeing cases growing by about 64% per week and in the worst affected areas, it's doubling every week.
- [Narrator] What surprised health officials was that around 75% of the adult British population had already received at least one dose of a vaccine and about 50% was fully vaccinated.
- The UK's a really unfortunate situation.
There are good levels of vaccination there but the variant took off anyway.
- [Narrator] And that was partly because vaccines were reacting differently to Delta than they had to earlier strains.
By mid-June, studies showed that one dose of some vaccines was 17% less effective at preventing symptomatic illnesses caused by Delta.
But two doses provided good protection.
- The more the Delta variant is allowed to spread, the greater the risk of mutations, which would evade the vaccines or evade treatments.
And we'd kind of almost be back to the beginning.
- [Narrator] By late June, Delta was detected in countries that had been slower to vaccinate, in part because they had been spared the brunt of the pandemic and cases began rising in these places.
Australia and Thailand imposed lockdowns.
Even Japan decided to ban spectators at the Olympics because of a new wave of infections.
- There are many, many, many countries that don't have access to vaccine yet.
Not many people in the population are vaccinated.
And this is the huge concern about this variant.
That it's just going to rip through these countries.
- [Narrator] Meanwhile, in the US, as people headed into their 4th of July weekend, the Delta variant had become the dominant strain.
People were traveling again and many stopped wearing masks after the CDC said it wasn't necessary for those who were fully vaccinated.
The variant has mostly spread to areas where vaccination rates have been slow.
In some parts of the country, like in Los Angeles, authorities have asked people to wear masks in indoor public places, regardless of vaccination status.
But some public health experts say the appetite for another lockdown is low.
- It's difficult to ask people to once again adopt these measures.
The message is everybody needs to get vaccinated.
- [Narrator] So on July 4th, Biden urged people to do just that as the administration planned to make it easier for people to get their shots, like sending more mobile clinics to festivals and sporting events.
- While the virus hasn't been vanquished, we know this, it no longer controls our lives.
It no longer paralyzes our nation and it's within our power to make sure it never does again.
- [Narrator] And that means it's a race against time to vaccinate more people around the world before the coronavirus mutates against.
南京市疾控中心副主任丁洁：本轮南京发生的疫情中，我们一直在对病例进行基因测序，从完成的病例看，结果显示为德尔塔毒株（Delta），剩下病例的测序工作我们还在抓紧。
德尔塔目前已成为全球疫情流行的最主要的毒株，此前相关疫情看，有几方面新特点：病毒传播力强、更加适应人体、复制快、体内载量高，病人转阴速度慢、治疗时间长、容易出现重症。针对德尔塔毒株的特点，必须用更严更快更全面的防控措施，来阻止德尔塔毒株的传播。
一是要更加严密地开展溯源和流调，力争溯源更精准，确保密接和次密接一个不漏，高风险人群重点管控。
二是管控区域的确定要更科学和全面，及时调整高中风险地区，力争将传播的风险控制在管控区域范围内。
三是措施要更快更严。仍然要坚守现行的公共卫生和社会防控措施，这些措施要被更严格地执行。此外溯源、流调、密接管理、重点人群管控等防控措施都要与毒株传播抢时间，所有的措施必须更快更严。
四是适时开展重点区域的全员检测，使患者发现更彻底，不遗漏，快速切断传播。所以目前南京全城已经开展了两轮全员核酸检测，有的重点区域已经开展了三轮。
五是重点场所要执行严格防控措施。在两站一场一码头、大型商超等公共场所要严格测温验码、佩戴口罩、不聚集和通风消毒等防控措施。
六是全民参与，共同防疫。公众在公共交通工具、两站一码头等公共场所要严格佩戴口罩，做好手卫生；在接触公共场所门把手、水龙头、电梯按钮等设施后及时清洁和消毒双手，比如75%的酒精消毒等等；减少扎堆，公共场所与他人保持1米以上距离，避免人群聚集；在公共场所打喷嚏咳嗽等及时用纸巾或手肘遮挡口鼻；减少使用公共餐具，坚持分餐制；一旦出现发热、乏力、干咳，嗅觉、味觉的减退等症状，一定要去就近的发热门诊就诊，及时开展核酸检测，排除新冠感染。
南京市疾控中心副主任丁洁进行了详解：
近期报告病例主要是高风险人群的筛查以及隔离点采样检测发现的，也有极个别的是通过禄口机场筛查发现的。目前病例都是禄口机场的关联人员以及他们的接触者。
她还补充道， 近期病例报告增多主要还是跟这次疫情发生场所的特殊性，以及病毒的传染性强有关。" 此次引发疫情的毒株传染能力强、传播速度快，本轮疫情发生场所的特殊性也导致了传播面的进一步扩大。"
另外，在当前阶段扩大管控、密集筛查，正在尽可能尽早的发现病例。 本次疫情早期感染是出现在机舱的保洁人员当中，然后在保洁人群中快速传播，通过他们的社会活动或者是家庭接触以及对工作场所的污染， 导致了进一步传播。" 我们排查追踪到了大量的密切接触者和密切接触者，并且管理起来，通过对这些管控人群每天分不同时段进行检测，病例被不断发现。从发病日期来看，在26日上升很快，符合新冠肺炎的流行和传播的特点。" 丁洁说。
浙江台州路桥：
涉南京疫情已隔离68人
路桥
关于进一步加强新冠肺炎疫情防控工作的通告（第40号）
7月20日起至今，台州市路桥区隔离和健康检测涉南京人员共103人，均已落实核酸检测，目前仍有68人在隔离观察。为进一步加强疫情防控工作，现通告如下：
一、近期从中高风险地区来路返路人员，请主动到当地村（居、社区）进行健康申报，并配合当地疫情防控指挥部的所有防控措施。鉴于当前的疫情形势，请广大市民如无必须近期不要前往中高风险地区。确需出行的，请务必做好个人防护，返路后按照疫情防控要求落实健康管理措施。
二、即日起，为有效防范人员密集场所疫情输入传播风险，将疫苗接种工作纳入健康码管理，对进入重点场所人员同步查验疫苗接种情况，并做好未接种人员的信息登记、提醒、劝导转介工作。
三、如出现发热、咳嗽、腹泻、乏力等症状，要佩戴一次性医用口罩及以上级别口罩，及时到就近的发热门诊进行排查和诊疗，就医过程尽量避免乘坐公共交通工具。
四、要继续强化个人防护意识，科学规范佩戴口罩，勤洗手、常通风，不扎堆、不聚会，保持安全社交距离，保持健康生活方式。
五、接种新冠疫苗是预防控制新冠肺炎传播最经济、最有效、最方便的措施，更是每一位公民应尽的责任和义务。请符合新冠疫苗接种条件的市民积极主动接种，共筑全民免疫屏障。
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